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Instructional Design & Development
Step #5: Classify Content Types
The fifth step in designing training is to identify the content types of each of the sticky notes or groups of sticky notes from your task analysis. This will help you determine the best way to teach the skill.
There are five primary content types:
- Facts: Facts are basic information. Facts are inefficient to store in memory and are prone to recall errors. Job aids are preferred to memorization of most facts.
- Concepts: A class of items that is known by a common name, includes multiple specific examples, shares common features, and varies on irrelevant features. Two types: concrete and abstract.
- Processes: Descriptions of how things work rather than how to do things. Two types: business (describing work flows in organizations) and technical (describing how things work in equipment or nature).
- Procedures: A series of clearly defined steps that results in the achievement of a job task. Two types: linear and branched.
- Principles: Guidelines or rules that govern. Principles are far-transfer training and are useful when actual scenarios in which principles are used vary significantly and constantly.
Each of these content types can be taught at the Remember level and at the Apply Level (except for Facts which only can be taught at the Remember Level). For example, you can LIST the steps to log on to a computer (Remember Level) or you can actually log on to a computer (Apply Level).
There are better ways to teach and test each of these content types so it’s important to determine the content type.
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